Important Watches, Wristwatches, Cloc...

Basel April 21, 1990, Apr 21, 1990

LOT 485

Dent, 33 Cockspur Street, London, N° 32573, commissioned in Switzerland to Capt & C°, from Solliat, made by Leon Aubert in 1904. Extremely important 18k gold double face highly complicated keyless astronomical minute repeating, "grande and petite sonnerie" clock watch with perpetual calendar, equation of time, signs of the zodiac, sunrise and sunset, morning star and evening star, moonrise and moonset, phases and age of the moon with apparition of the Great Bear at the black moon, every second re-volution only.

CHF 400,000 - 500,000

Three body massive "pomme et filets" polished case, glazed on both sides. White enamel dial, signed Willis, on the front face, with Roman numerals, subsidiary dials for the days of the week, the months for the four years of the leap year cycle, the dates and the seconds. Silver engine turned dial on the rear face, with outer gold zodiac ring, inner semi-circular equation of time sector, subsidiary small dials for hours and minutes of the sun-rise, the sunset; the moonrise, and the moonset, apertures for the morning star and the evening star indications and for the gold enamelled moon phase volvelle al-so bearing the Great Bear, which appears every second revolution only, the age of the moon engraved on the edge. Blued steel " pear" hands on the front face, gold hands on the reverse with a sun tip for the equation and a sphere for the signs of the zodiac. Gilt brass 27"' three quarter plate movement, English lateral lever escapement, cut bimetallic balance, blued steel balance spring with a Phillips terminal curve. The movement is built on four different levels with on one side the perpetual calendar motion work set on a skeletonized plate allowing to see part of the striking train and the minute repeating work; the astronomical indication works and the equation of time kidney cam are set on the reverse of the going train level. Striking and repeating on gongs with "grande/petite sonnerie" and strike/silent selection slides on the band. Push pieces and bolts for the perpetual calendar and the astronomical indication adjustments are set on the band as well.Signed "Dent" on the dial. In very good condition. Diam. 80 mm.


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Notes

The history of this watch is related in "Chronometrophilia" N°25, Winter 1988, by Mr. Daniel Aubert, the own grand son of the maker. The instruction given by Capt § C°, the original drawings and calculations are also published. Among the several astronomical indications given by this watch, moonrise and moonset are certainly the most unusual features. According to the written correspondence between the firm Capt § C° and Mr. Leon Aubert, two possibilities were faced. The accuracy of the first one is far the best, giving a precision almost perfect after 1'000 years. It requires a 179 toothed wheel, revolving in 24 hours and driving a 148 toothed wheel. An other wheel of 135, set on the axis of the latter, drives the last wheel of the train with 169 teeth whose required revolution is 24 hours, 50 minutes and 30 seconds. The precision of the second way is less than one hour after 80 years, far good enough for such a watch, and much easier to perform. It requires a 64 toothed wheel, revolving in 24 hours and driving a wheel of 43, bearing another wheel of 37 teeth, driving the last wheel of the train with 57 teeth, whose revolution is performed in 24 hours, 50 minutes and 28'378 seconds. The dial has to be divided in 24 hours with a hand jumping forward 50 minutes and 30 seconds each time the moon is pas-sing at the meridian. This hand is set on a starwheel whose number of teeth has to be found : 24 hours = 86'400 seconds 50 minutes and 30 seconds = 3'030 seconds. 86'400/3'030 = 28,51 teeth. As a full number is required, a 57 teeth must be chosen. Therefore an extra wheel whose number of teeth has to be the double of the pinion bearing the hand, must be set on the starwheel. The passage of the moon at the meridian is then shown with a precision of -7 to +10 minutes (which re-presents the lunar equation of time). If moving the hand on the pinion, in order to indicate the moonrise time, the precision then would be of -27 to +24 minutes (ac-cording to the tables). It is possible to reduce the error by means of a spring loaded bascule set on the 57 toothed starwheel and acting on a cam. Revolving, the cam will push the bascule forward or backward. The 57 toothed starwheel being stopped by a spring loaded jumper, only the pinion bearing the hand is able to move the indications pointed by the hands are therefore adjusted. Still remains to be found the number of teeth of the starwheel bearing the cam. The sideral moon revolution is of 27 days, 7 hours, 43 minutes and 11,5 seconds. Divided by 24 hours, 50 minutes and 50 seconds, we get 26, 4 times. In order to use a full number, the starwheel must be of 5 x 26,4 = 132 teeth and the cam has to be made for sideral moon revolutions. However, according to the indications given by the tables, it seems that 26 is a number of teeth which fits perfectly. After 26 passages of the moon at the meridian, the same succession of errors is repeated with a few minute difference only. After several series, the mean error is never more than about 3 minutes. There-fore the cam has to be set on a starwheel of 26, driven by a pin set on a wheel whose revolution is performed in 24 hours, 50 minutes and 28,4 seconds. Owing to the small frictions which were neglected, the hand is inclined to jump too early, a spring loaded jumper must therefore be set on the 57 toothed starwheel. The moonset work can be built on the same principle. The outstanding craftsmanship of the movement is obvious on the pictures of the perpetual calendar work and of the equation of time and astronomical mechanism. Capt & C°, founded in 1875, successor to Capt & Mey-Ian, was run by Jules Cesar Capt. Previously the name of the firm was Nicole & Capt and was producing watches as early as 1845. It was founded by Adolph Nicole who settled in London with the same name.